中國工程院發布重大咨詢項目成果《中國碳達峰碳中和戰略及路徑》
2022-04-01 504 gjys004
中國(guo)工程院發(fa)布重大咨詢項(xiang)目成果《中國(guo)碳達峰碳中和(he)戰(zhan)略(lve)及路徑(jing)》
中新社北(bei)(bei)京3月31日(ri)電 (記者(zhe) 孫自法)中國(guo)工程院31日(ri)在北(bei)(bei)京發(fa)布重大咨(zi)詢項(xiang)目成果《中國(guo)碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和戰(zhan)略(lve)及路徑(jing)》提(ti)出(chu),通過(guo)積極主動作(zuo)為,全社會共同努力,中國(guo)二氧化碳(tan)排放有望于2027年前后實(shi)現達峰,峰值(zhi)控制(zhi)在122億噸(dun)左右。在此基礎(chu)上推動發(fa)展模式實(shi)現根本轉變(bian),可(ke)在2060年前實(shi)現碳(tan)中和。
由中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工程院、上(shang)(shang)海(hai)市(shi)政府、工業和(he)信(xin)息化(hua)部共同主(zhu)辦(ban)的第六屆創(chuang)新(xin)與新(xin)興(xing)產業發展國(guo)際(ji)會議(yi)(IEID)當天在北京(jing)、上(shang)(shang)海(hai)線上(shang)(shang)線下結合舉行。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工程院院長(chang)李曉紅(hong)院士在會上(shang)(shang)發布(bu)并介紹《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)碳達峰碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)戰(zhan)略及路徑(jing)》具(ju)體(ti)內容,主(zhu)要包(bao)括八大(da)戰(zhan)略、七條路經(jing)和(he)三項(xiang)建議(yi)。
——八大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve):節約(yue)優先(xian)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),秉持(chi)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)是第一能(neng)(neng)(neng)源理念(nian),不(bu)斷提升全(quan)社會用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)效率(lv);能(neng)(neng)(neng)源安全(quan)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),做好化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源兜底應急,妥善應對(dui)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源供應不(bu)穩定,防范(fan)油氣(qi)以及關鍵礦(kuang)物對(dui)外依存風險;非化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源替代(dai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),在新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源安全(quan)可(ke)靠逐步替代(dai)傳(chuan)統(tong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源的基礎上,不(bu)斷提高非化(hua)(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源比重;再電氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),以電能(neng)(neng)(neng)替代(dai)和發展電制原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)燃料(liao)(liao)為重點,大(da)力(li)提升重點部門電氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)水平;資源循環利(li)用(yong)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),加(jia)快(kuai)傳(chuan)統(tong)產(chan)(chan)業升級改造和業務流程再造,實現資源多級循環利(li)用(yong);固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),堅持(chi)生(sheng)態(tai)吸碳(tan)(tan)(tan)與人工用(yong)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)相(xiang)結合,增強(qiang)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)固(gu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),推(tui)進碳(tan)(tan)(tan)移除技術研發;數字化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),全(quan)面推(tui)動數字化(hua)(hua)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)和碳(tan)(tan)(tan)管理,助力(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活綠色變革;國際(ji)合作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve),構建人類命運共(gong)同體的大(da)國責任擔當,更大(da)力(li)度深(shen)化(hua)(hua)國際(ji)合作(zuo)。
——七條路(lu)徑:一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)提升(sheng)(sheng)經濟發(fa)展質量和(he)效益,以產業結構(gou)優化(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)級為重(zhong)要手段實(shi)現經濟發(fa)展與碳(tan)排放(fang)(fang)脫(tuo)鉤;二是(shi)(shi)(shi)打造清潔(jie)低(di)碳(tan)安(an)(an)全高(gao)效的(de)能(neng)源體系是(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)現碳(tan)達峰(feng)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)的(de)關鍵(jian)和(he)基礎;三是(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)快構(gou)建(jian)以新能(neng)源為主體的(de)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong),安(an)(an)全穩(wen)妥實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)力行業凈零排放(fang)(fang);四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)和(he)深度脫(tuo)碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)術為支撐,推動(dong)工業部門有(you)序(xu)達峰(feng)和(he)漸進中(zhong)(zhong)和(he);五是(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)過高(gao)比例(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)實(shi)現交通(tong)工具低(di)碳(tan)轉型,推動(dong)交通(tong)部門實(shi)現碳(tan)達峰(feng)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he);六是(shi)(shi)(shi)以突(tu)破(po)綠色建(jian)筑關鍵(jian)技(ji)(ji)術為重(zhong)點(dian),實(shi)現建(jian)筑用電(dian)(dian)(dian)用熱(re)零碳(tan)排放(fang)(fang);七是(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)籌帷(wei)幄做好實(shi)現碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)“最(zui)后一(yi)公里”的(de)碳(tan)移除托(tuo)底技(ji)(ji)術保障。
——三項建(jian)議:一是(shi)(shi)保(bao)持戰略定力,做好(hao)統籌協調,在保(bao)障經濟社會(hui)有序運轉和能源資源供(gong)應安全前提下(xia),堅持全國“一盤棋”、梯次有序推動(dong)實(shi)現(xian)碳達(da)峰碳中(zhong)(zhong)和。二是(shi)(shi)強化科技創新(xin),為實(shi)現(xian)碳達(da)峰碳中(zhong)(zhong)和提供(gong)強大動(dong)力,尤其是(shi)(shi)必須以關鍵技術的重大突破支撐實(shi)現(xian)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和。三是(shi)(shi)建(jian)立(li)完善制度(du)和政策體系,確保(bao)碳達(da)峰碳中(zhong)(zhong)和任務措(cuo)施落(luo)地。加(jia)快推動(dong)建(jian)立(li)碳排放總量控制制度(du),加(jia)速構建(jian)減污(wu)降(jiang)碳一體謀劃、一體推進、一體考(kao)核的機制,不(bu)斷(duan)完善能力支撐與監管體系建(jian)設。
據了解,中(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)程院(yuan)碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)重大咨詢(xun)項目(mu)組織(zhi)40多(duo)位院(yuan)士、300多(duo)位專(zhuan)家、數十家單位,重點圍繞產(chan)業(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)、能源、電力、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、建筑、交通、碳(tan)(tan)移除等方面(mian),系統開展中(zhong)國(guo)實現碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)戰略及路(lu)(lu)徑研究(jiu),最(zui)新完成(cheng)并發(fa)布《中(zhong)國(guo)碳(tan)(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)戰略及路(lu)(lu)徑》。(完