南京(jing)江(jiang)北新(xin)區(qu)(qu)是由國務院批復設立(li)的全國第13個、江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)首個國家級(ji)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)。為落實“雙碳”目標，2021年，江(jiang)北新(xin)區(qu)(qu)有關部門與南京(jing)航(hang)空航(hang)天大學低碳發展(zhan)研(yan)究(jiu)院等成(cheng)立(li)了(le)聯(lian)合課題(ti)組，歷時(shi)半年多，通(tong)過(guo)對江(jiang)北新(xin)區(qu)(qu)碳排放(fang)(fang)情(qing)況進行“全面體檢”和“問(wen)診(zhen)把脈(mo)”，力求(qiu)精準(zhun)識別碳排放(fang)(fang)關鍵驅(qu)動因子，針對減排痛點“靶向(xiang)下藥”，為園區(qu)(qu)高質量發展(zhan)努力探索一條科(ke)學路(lu)徑。

江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)北(bei)(bei)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)碳(tan)(tan)減排的(de)“主(zhu)戰場”在新(xin)材料(liao)(liao)科技(ji)園。作為江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇省最大、南京市唯一的(de)化(hua)工(gong)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)北(bei)(bei)新(xin)材料(liao)(liao)科技(ji)園集(ji)聚了140多家(jia)規(gui)模以上(shang)工(gong)業企業。根據課(ke)題組調研，2020年園區(qu)(qu)(qu)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)總(zong)量約為4850萬噸(dun)，在新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)占比超過(guo)85%，其中，90%的(de)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)來自(zi)于鋼鐵、石(shi)化(hua)和化(hua)工(gong)這(zhe)3個(ge)行業，60%以上(shang)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)來自(zi)以煤炭為主(zhu)導(dao)的(de)化(hua)石(shi)能源燃(ran)燒。園區(qu)(qu)(qu)行業結構和能源結構呈現(xian)出明顯(xian)的(de)“高碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)”特征，是(shi)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)北(bei)(bei)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)實現(xian)“雙碳(tan)(tan)”目標的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)、難(nan)點(dian)和痛(tong)點(dian)。

針對實(shi)現“雙碳(tan)”目標(biao)的難點痛(tong)點，專家組建議，江北新(xin)區必須(xu)立足(zu)園區實(shi)際，堅(jian)持穩中(zhong)求(qiu)進(jin)的總方針，全(quan)局謀(mou)劃、整(zheng)體推進(jin)、逐步實(shi)施。當前要緊緊抓住(zhu)結構(gou)調整(zheng)這(zhe)個核心，以深度脫碳(tan)技術、負碳(tan)技術開發(fa)(fa)應用(yong)為支撐(cheng)，加快(kuai)新(xin)舊(jiu)動能轉換(huan)，積極布局產(chan)業(ye)新(xin)賽道，全(quan)面增強產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展能級，構(gou)筑起綠色創新(xin)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)體系(xi)。

新(xin)(xin)材料(liao)科技園能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)耗以(yi)煤(mei)(mei)炭為(wei)主(zhu)，鋼(gang)鐵、石化、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行業(ye)(ye)的煤(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)比(bi)重(zhong)均在(zai)70%以(yi)上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)比(bi)例(li)不足20%。推動(dong)非化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)對(dui)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、低碳能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)碳能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的穩步替(ti)代(dai)，可助力(li)(li)“雙碳”目標的實(shi)現。專家組(zu)建議，園區應(ying)在(zai)“減”“換(huan)”“布(bu)”“調”四個(ge)方面做文章(zhang)：一(yi)是推動(dong)重(zhong)點(dian)用煤(mei)(mei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)減煤(mei)(mei)限煤(mei)(mei)。在(zai)保障原料(liao)煤(mei)(mei)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)及清潔化利用的基礎(chu)上(shang)，控(kong)制新(xin)(xin)增原料(liao)用煤(mei)(mei)，拓展富氫(qing)原料(liao)進口來(lai)源(yuan)，推動(dong)原料(liao)輕質化；嚴(yan)格控(kong)制新(xin)(xin)增煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目，有序淘汰煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)落后產能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)；鼓(gu)勵重(zhong)點(dian)用煤(mei)(mei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)關停自備燃煤(mei)(mei)機組(zu)，實(shi)施天然氣(qi)(qi)機組(zu)替(ti)代(dai)。二是以(yi)綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)替(ti)換(huan)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)。鼓(gu)勵企(qi)業(ye)(ye)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代(dai)煤(mei)(mei)、以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代(dai)氣(qi)(qi)、以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代(dai)燃料(liao)，形成以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)中心的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)體(ti)(ti)系；鼓(gu)勵企(qi)業(ye)(ye)參與(yu)分(fen)布(bu)式發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)市(shi)場化交(jiao)易(yi)、就近消(xiao)(xiao)納綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)。三是因地制宜布(bu)局(ju)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)。適度推進建筑光伏一(yi)體(ti)(ti)化、光伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)屋面系統建設；加快煤(mei)(mei)制氫(qing)、零碳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)制氫(qing)技術研發應(ying)用力(li)(li)度，布(bu)局(ju)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)。四是引導(dao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)調整用能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)行為(wei)。鼓(gu)勵企(qi)業(ye)(ye)利用廢棄(qi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，推動(dong)低品位(wei)余(yu)熱供暖發展，加強液化氣(qi)(qi)等(deng)副產氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)效利用。

變(bian)革生(sheng)產(chan)方式和生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，對(dui)于鋼(gang)(gang)鐵、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、煤電(dian)(dian)等高耗能(neng)行業(ye)(ye)節能(neng)減排(pai)意(yi)義顯著。專(zhuan)家組建(jian)議，園(yuan)區應(ying)從末端治理(li)(li)轉向全流程系統發(fa)力，以(yi)點(dian)帶面，倒逼粗放(fang)發(fa)展(zhan)方式加(jia)速轉變(bian)。具(ju)體(ti)舉(ju)措包括：一是實(shi)施節能(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)重點(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程。面向鋼(gang)(gang)鐵、石化(hua)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等重點(dian)行業(ye)(ye)改造提(ti)(ti)升的(de)技術(shu)難(nan)點(dian)和裝備短板，研究開(kai)展(zhan)降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)效(xiao)果突出、帶動(dong)性強(qiang)的(de)重大(da)示(shi)范工(gong)(gong)(gong)程；支持已取得突破的(de)綠色低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)關鍵技術(shu)在(zai)重點(dian)行業(ye)(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)示(shi)范應(ying)用(yong)。二(er)是推進生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程提(ti)(ti)質(zhi)增效(xiao)。對(dui)標(biao)(biao)國際先(xian)進水(shui)平(ping)，全面提(ti)(ti)升電(dian)(dian)機、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鍋爐、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)窯(yao)爐等重點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)設備能(neng)效(xiao)標(biao)(biao)準；通過(guo)流程降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、原(yuan)料(liao)替代等實(shi)現(xian)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)。三是提(ti)(ti)升節能(neng)管(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)。嚴格(ge)落實(shi)能(neng)源消費強(qiang)度和總(zong)量(liang)雙控制度，推行用(yong)能(neng)預算和碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)計劃(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)(li)；提(ti)(ti)高節能(neng)管(guan)理(li)(li)信息化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)，完善重點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)單位(wei)能(neng)耗和排(pai)放(fang)在(zai)線監測；加(jia)強(qiang)需求側管(guan)理(li)(li)，合理(li)(li)調整用(yong)能(neng)需求轉移或削減高峰用(yong)能(neng)負荷。四是加(jia)強(qiang)節能(neng)減污降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)協(xie)同聯動(dong)。把握好能(neng)源與環(huan)境的(de)內(nei)在(zai)聯系，系統謀(mou)劃(hua)(hua)制定(ding)節能(neng)減污降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)管(guan)控方案，做好目標(biao)(biao)協(xie)同、對(dui)象協(xie)同、措施協(xie)同與部門協(xie)同。

根據國務院(yuan)印發的(de)(de)(de)《2030年前碳(tan)達峰行(xing)動(dong)(dong)方案》和《江蘇省“十四五(wu)”化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)產業(ye)(ye)高(gao)端(duan)發展規劃》，探索智慧(hui)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)路徑、打(da)造一批達到國際先(xian)進(jin)(jin)水平的(de)(de)(de)綠色智慧(hui)低碳(tan)園(yuan)區，是(shi)(shi)區域(yu)“碳(tan)中和”的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)抓手(shou)。專家組建(jian)(jian)議，園(yuan)區應從以下幾方面推動(dong)(dong)綠色智慧(hui)園(yuan)區建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)：一是(shi)(shi)加速新型基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。推動(dong)(dong)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)綠色建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)技術示范應用，以新一代信息(xi)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)為契機，推動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展；積極發展“新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)+儲能(neng)(neng)”、源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)荷儲一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)和多能(neng)(neng)互(hu)補，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)多種能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)協(xie)同互(hu)進(jin)(jin)、能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供需雙向互(hu)動(dong)(dong)；鼓勵重(zhong)點企(qi)業(ye)(ye)利用綠色數(shu)(shu)據中心等(deng)新型基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)實現(xian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降耗。二是(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)園(yuan)區低碳(tan)綜(zong)合管(guan)理(li)平臺。部署實時(shi)數(shu)(shu)據庫、建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)實時(shi)監控(kong)系統(tong)，對園(yuan)區各企(qi)業(ye)(ye)及建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消耗與碳(tan)排放情況進(jin)(jin)行(xing)實時(shi)數(shu)(shu)據捕捉、分析與診斷，實現(xian)園(yuan)區綠色低碳(tan)綜(zong)合管(guan)理(li)；構(gou)建(jian)(jian)集成在線(xian)電(dian)子地圖，對園(yuan)區內(nei)各監測點進(jin)(jin)行(xing)標注，并實時(shi)顯示；借助信息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)手(shou)段實現(xian)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)、調度和優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。三是(shi)(shi)打(da)造智慧(hui)園(yuan)區生態系統(tong)。促(cu)進(jin)(jin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)、商業(ye)(ye)物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)等(deng)多數(shu)(shu)據平臺的(de)(de)(de)對接與整(zheng)合；設(she)(she)立(li)(li)低碳(tan)聯盟，吸引更多的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)共(gong)同打(da)造智慧(hui)園(yuan)區解決方案。

揚子晚報網/紫牛新(xin)聞記者 劉瀏