南京(jing)江北(bei)新區(qu)是由國務院批復(fu)設立(li)的全國第13個、江蘇省首個國家級新區(qu)。為(wei)(wei)落實“雙碳”目標，2021年(nian)，江北(bei)新區(qu)有關(guan)部門與(yu)南京(jing)航(hang)空航(hang)天大(da)學(xue)低碳發展研究院等成立(li)了聯(lian)合(he)課題組，歷時半年(nian)多(duo)，通過對江北(bei)新區(qu)碳排(pai)放情況進行“全面體檢”和(he)“問(wen)診把脈”，力求精準識(shi)別(bie)碳排(pai)放關(guan)鍵驅動因子，針對減(jian)排(pai)痛點“靶向下藥”，為(wei)(wei)園區(qu)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發展努(nu)力探索一條科學(xue)路(lu)徑。

江(jiang)(jiang)北新(xin)區碳(tan)減排的(de)(de)“主戰(zhan)場”在新(xin)材料科(ke)(ke)技園(yuan)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省最(zui)大、南京市唯(wei)一的(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)工園(yuan)區，江(jiang)(jiang)北新(xin)材料科(ke)(ke)技園(yuan)集(ji)聚(ju)了140多家規模以上工業(ye)企業(ye)。根(gen)據課題組調研，2020年(nian)園(yuan)區碳(tan)排放總量(liang)約為(wei)(wei)4850萬噸，在新(xin)區占比超(chao)過85%，其中，90%的(de)(de)碳(tan)排放來(lai)(lai)自于鋼鐵、石(shi)化(hua)(hua)和化(hua)(hua)工這3個行(xing)業(ye)，60%以上的(de)(de)碳(tan)排放來(lai)(lai)自以煤炭為(wei)(wei)主導(dao)的(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源燃燒。園(yuan)區行(xing)業(ye)結構和能(neng)源結構呈現出(chu)明顯的(de)(de)“高碳(tan)化(hua)(hua)”特征，是江(jiang)(jiang)北新(xin)區實(shi)現“雙碳(tan)”目標的(de)(de)重點(dian)(dian)、難點(dian)(dian)和痛(tong)點(dian)(dian)。

針對實現(xian)“雙碳”目標的難(nan)點痛點，專(zhuan)家組建(jian)議，江北新區(qu)必須(xu)立足園區(qu)實際，堅持穩中求進的總(zong)方針，全局(ju)謀(mou)劃、整體推進、逐步(bu)實施。當前要緊緊抓住結構調整這個核心，以(yi)深度脫(tuo)碳技術、負(fu)碳技術開發(fa)應(ying)用為支撐(cheng)，加快(kuai)新舊動(dong)能(neng)轉換，積極布局(ju)產(chan)業(ye)新賽道，全面(mian)增強產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展能(neng)級，構筑起綠(lv)色創新型產(chan)業(ye)體系。

新(xin)材料(liao)科技園能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)耗以(yi)(yi)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)(tan)為(wei)主，鋼鐵、石(shi)化(hua)(hua)、電(dian)力行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)(tan)消(xiao)費比重均在(zai)(zai)70%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，電(dian)力消(xiao)費比例不足20%。推動(dong)非化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)對化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、低(di)碳(tan)(tan)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)對高碳(tan)(tan)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)穩步替代(dai)，可助力“雙碳(tan)(tan)”目(mu)標的(de)(de)實(shi)現。專家組建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)，園區應在(zai)(zai)“減”“換”“布(bu)”“調”四(si)個方面做文章：一是(shi)(shi)推動(dong)重點(dian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)減煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)限煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。在(zai)(zai)保障原料(liao)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)消(xiao)費及清潔(jie)化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)基礎上(shang)，控制新(xin)增原料(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)，拓展(zhan)富(fu)氫原料(liao)進口(kou)來源(yuan)(yuan)，推動(dong)原料(liao)輕質化(hua)(hua)；嚴(yan)格控制新(xin)增煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)項目(mu)，有序淘汰煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)落后產(chan)能(neng)(neng)；鼓(gu)勵重點(dian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)關停自備燃(ran)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)機(ji)組，實(shi)施天然(ran)氣(qi)機(ji)組替代(dai)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)綠色(se)電(dian)力替換化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。鼓(gu)勵企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)以(yi)(yi)電(dian)代(dai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)、以(yi)(yi)電(dian)代(dai)氣(qi)、以(yi)(yi)電(dian)代(dai)燃(ran)料(liao)，形成(cheng)以(yi)(yi)電(dian)為(wei)中心的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費體(ti)(ti)系(xi)；鼓(gu)勵企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)參(can)與分布(bu)式發(fa)電(dian)市場化(hua)(hua)交易、就(jiu)近消(xiao)納綠色(se)電(dian)力。三(san)是(shi)(shi)因地制宜(yi)布(bu)局新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。適度推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑光伏(fu)一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)(hua)、光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)屋(wu)面系(xi)統建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)；加快煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)制氫、零碳(tan)(tan)電(dian)力制氫技術研發(fa)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力度，布(bu)局氫能(neng)(neng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)引導企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)調整用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)行(xing)為(wei)。鼓(gu)勵企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廢棄能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，推動(dong)低(di)品位余(yu)熱供暖發(fa)展(zhan)，加強液化(hua)(hua)氣(qi)等副產(chan)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)高效(xiao)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

變革(ge)生(sheng)產方式(shi)和(he)生(sheng)產工(gong)藝，對于(yu)鋼鐵、化工(gong)、煤電等(deng)高(gao)(gao)耗(hao)(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)行(xing)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減(jian)排意義顯著。專家組建議，園區應從末端(duan)治理(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)向全流程系(xi)統(tong)發力，以點(dian)帶面(mian)(mian)，倒(dao)逼粗放發展方式(shi)加(jia)(jia)速轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變。具體舉措(cuo)包括：一是實(shi)施(shi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)碳重點(dian)工(gong)程。面(mian)(mian)向鋼鐵、石(shi)化化工(gong)等(deng)重點(dian)行(xing)業改造提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)技術難點(dian)和(he)裝備短(duan)板(ban)，研究開展降(jiang)(jiang)碳效(xiao)(xiao)果突(tu)出、帶動性強的(de)重大(da)示范工(gong)程；支(zhi)持(chi)已取得(de)突(tu)破的(de)綠色低碳關鍵技術在(zai)重點(dian)行(xing)業開展產業化示范應用(yong)。二是推(tui)進生(sheng)產過程提(ti)質增效(xiao)(xiao)。對標國際先進水(shui)平，全面(mian)(mian)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)電機、工(gong)業鍋(guo)爐(lu)、工(gong)業窯爐(lu)等(deng)重點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)設(she)備能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)標準(zhun)；通過流程降(jiang)(jiang)碳、工(gong)藝降(jiang)(jiang)碳、原料替代等(deng)實(shi)現生(sheng)產過程降(jiang)(jiang)碳。三是提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管理(li)水(shui)平。嚴格(ge)落(luo)實(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源消費強度和(he)總量雙控(kong)制度，推(tui)行(xing)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)預算和(he)碳排放計(ji)劃管理(li)；提(ti)高(gao)(gao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管理(li)信息(xi)化水(shui)平，完善重點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)單位能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)和(he)排放在(zai)線監(jian)測；加(jia)(jia)強需(xu)求側管理(li)，合理(li)調整用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)需(xu)求轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)移或削減(jian)高(gao)(gao)峰用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)負荷。四(si)是加(jia)(jia)強節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減(jian)污降(jiang)(jiang)碳協(xie)同聯(lian)動。把握好(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源與環境的(de)內(nei)在(zai)聯(lian)系(xi)，系(xi)統(tong)謀劃制定節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)減(jian)污降(jiang)(jiang)碳管控(kong)方案，做好(hao)目標協(xie)同、對象協(xie)同、措(cuo)施(shi)協(xie)同與部門協(xie)同。

根據(ju)(ju)國務院印發的(de)《2030年前碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)行動(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案》和(he)(he)《江蘇省“十四(si)五”化工產業(ye)(ye)高端發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃》，探(tan)索智(zhi)慧節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)路徑、打造(zao)一(yi)批達到國際先進(jin)水平的(de)綠(lv)色智(zhi)慧低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)園(yuan)區，是區域(yu)“碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)”的(de)重要(yao)抓手。專家組建(jian)議，園(yuan)區應從以下幾方(fang)(fang)(fang)面推(tui)(tui)動(dong)綠(lv)色智(zhi)慧園(yuan)區建(jian)設(she)(she)：一(yi)是加速新(xin)型基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)先進(jin)綠(lv)色建(jian)筑(zhu)技術示范應用，以新(xin)一(yi)代信息基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)為(wei)契機，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)字化和(he)(he)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)；積極(ji)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)+儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”、源(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)荷儲一(yi)體化和(he)(he)多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互(hu)補，促進(jin)多種能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)協同(tong)互(hu)進(jin)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)需雙向(xiang)互(hu)動(dong)；鼓勵重點企業(ye)(ye)利用綠(lv)色數(shu)據(ju)(ju)中心等(deng)新(xin)型基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施實(shi)(shi)現節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降耗。二是建(jian)設(she)(she)園(yuan)區低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)綜(zong)合管理平臺。部(bu)署實(shi)(shi)時(shi)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫、建(jian)立(li)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)監控(kong)系統，對(dui)園(yuan)區各(ge)企業(ye)(ye)及建(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)耗與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排放情況進(jin)行實(shi)(shi)時(shi)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)捕捉、分析與(yu)診斷，實(shi)(shi)現園(yuan)區綠(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)綜(zong)合管理；構建(jian)集成(cheng)在線電子(zi)地圖(tu)，對(dui)園(yuan)區內各(ge)監測點進(jin)行標注，并(bing)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)顯示；借助信息化手段實(shi)(shi)現可再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)管理、調度(du)和(he)(he)優(you)化。三是打造(zao)智(zhi)慧園(yuan)區生(sheng)(sheng)態系統。促進(jin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)、工業(ye)(ye)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)、商業(ye)(ye)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)等(deng)多數(shu)據(ju)(ju)平臺的(de)對(dui)接與(yu)整合；設(she)(she)立(li)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)聯(lian)(lian)盟，吸引(yin)更多的(de)企業(ye)(ye)共(gong)同(tong)打造(zao)智(zhi)慧園(yuan)區解決(jue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案。

揚(yang)子晚報網/紫牛(niu)新聞記(ji)者 劉瀏