鵬華基金閆思倩:碳中和發展進程將催生大量新能源產業投資機會
2022-06-13
881
gjys004
近期,A股市場一改持續數月的(de)(de)低迷行情,展(zhan)現出強勁上攻的(de)(de)勢(shi)頭。在滬指從(cong)2800點漲至3280點的(de)(de)強勁復蘇進(jin)程(cheng)中,以新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)板(ban)塊為代表的(de)(de)成長風格率先發力,成為推動(dong)此(ci)番行情演繹的(de)(de)主力軍。針對本輪新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)板(ban)塊的(de)(de)強勁反彈,深耕新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)、具(ju)有(you)12年投研積淀的(de)(de)鵬(peng)華(hua)基金閆(yan)思(si)倩表示,碳中和發展(zhan)進(jin)程(cheng)將催生大量新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產業投資機會。新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產業前景依(yi)然(ran)廣闊(kuo),看好風電光伏與儲能(neng)(neng)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)。
針對新能(neng)源產業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資背(bei)(bei)景,閆(yan)思倩表示,最(zui)(zui)早(zao)可以追溯到(dao)2009年(nian)(nian),是(shi)(shi)當時提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)七大(da)(da)戰略新興產業(ye)(ye)之一。近年(nian)(nian)來,新能(neng)源板塊的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)投(tou)資背(bei)(bei)景當屬(shu)碳(tan)中和,2020年(nian)(nian)我國首次提出力爭在(zai)2030年(nian)(nian)實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng),爭取(qu)2060年(nian)(nian)實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)中和。2021年(nian)(nian)推進(jin)碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策陸(lu)續出臺,1+N碳(tan)中和框(kuang)架和行動方案基本確定(ding)。整(zheng)體上,碳(tan)中和已是(shi)(shi)貫穿2021整(zheng)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資主線(xian),也(ye)成為近年(nian)(nian)新能(neng)源產業(ye)(ye)投(tou)資最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背(bei)(bei)景。
從全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)的發展趨(qu)勢(shi)來看,閆思倩認為(wei)減(jian)碳(tan)(tan)趨(qu)勢(shi)非常明(ming)確,歐盟(meng)已(yi)經開始(shi)(shi)了碳(tan)(tan)邊境稅,將在(zai)(zai)2023年(nian)開始(shi)(shi)執行立法。歐洲國(guo)(guo)家普遍在(zai)(zai)上(shang)世紀90年(nian)代就已(yi)碳(tan)(tan)達峰,因此(ci)目前碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)壓力很小,預計2050年(nian)可(ke)以(yi)實現碳(tan)(tan)中和。然而我國(guo)(guo)現在(zai)(zai)尚未達峰,排放(fang)仍然在(zai)(zai)加速,可(ke)能要沖(chong)到100億(yi)噸/年(nian)或以(yi)上(shang),2019年(nian)我國(guo)(guo)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)達到了98億(yi)噸,在(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)占比30%,是全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)第(di)一,碳(tan)(tan)減(jian)排整(zheng)體壓力很大。
在(zai)(zai)歐洲之外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)達(da)經(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),美國和(he)(he)日本(ben)也已實現碳(tan)達(da)峰了,預(yu)計將在(zai)(zai)2050年(nian)達(da)到(dao)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)。因此(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)全(quan)球主(zhu)要(yao)國家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國壓力最大,目標也很緊迫。預(yu)計未(wei)(wei)來20到(dao)40年(nian),碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)涉(she)及整個中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國制造(zao)業(ye),從(cong)基礎的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)源,到(dao)工業(ye)制造(zao)、化工、建筑等(deng)(deng),以及電(dian)力體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)變革(ge),也涉(she)及到(dao)整個產業(ye)能(neng)源結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)變化、能(neng)源的(de)(de)(de)替代,從(cong)交(jiao)通(tong)到(dao)運輸(shu)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng),也包括(kuo)未(wei)(wei)來要(yao)在(zai)(zai)低碳(tan)技(ji)術上的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展,低碳(tan)體(ti)(ti)制的(de)(de)(de)探索,還包括(kuo)未(wei)(wei)來生態碳(tan)匯(hui)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。因此(ci)(ci)碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)之路依然漫(man)長。
有(you)(you)券(quan)商分析師表(biao)示,地產(chan)時代結束了,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力的(de)周(zhou)期開啟了。閆思倩非常認同這一(yi)觀點(dian),在她(ta)看來(lai)(lai),隨著生活條件(jian)的(de)改善,未(wei)來(lai)(lai)人(ren)們很難再買入多(duo)套(tao)房產(chan),但(dan)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)消費(fei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子的(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)求卻在不斷增加(jia),應用(yong)場(chang)景越來(lai)(lai)越多(duo),如(ru)親子玩具、居家家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、家庭(ting)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁、屋頂光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏板(ban)等等,平均(jun)每戶家庭(ting)的(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量都會(hui)成倍增長。這樣(yang)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)(shi)演進,也會(hui)相應帶來(lai)(lai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統和(he)能(neng)源的(de)機會(hui)。細分來(lai)(lai)看,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)改造和(he)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji),目前光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏和(he)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整體占比只有(you)(you)10%,而(er)碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)目標是光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占比要(yao)超過70%,甚至(zhi)要(yao)達(da)到80%。在這個過程中(zhong),由于光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏和(he)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)都需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)定條件(jian),難以(yi)實現穩定且可持續地供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輸出,因此現有(you)(you)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)勢(shi)(shi)必難以(yi)承受,而(er)需(xu)要(yao)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)為可適應新(xin)能(neng)源發點(dian)特征的(de)新(xin)一(yi)代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang),這也涉及到特高壓(ya)體系的(de)建設以(yi)及儲能(neng)。
閆思倩同時指出(chu),隨著社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電需(xu)求的(de)不(bu)斷增(zeng)加(jia),會(hui)催生龐(pang)大(da)(da)的(de)市場(chang),從(cong)(cong)(cong)而帶來(lai)(lai)不(bu)少投資機會(hui)。如(ru)光伏風電從(cong)(cong)(cong)10%發展到(dao)未來(lai)(lai)70%甚(shen)至(zhi)80%的(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong),會(hui)有7-8倍的(de)提升(sheng)空(kong)間(jian),同樣,對于新能(neng)(neng)源汽車來(lai)(lai)將,滲(shen)透率從(cong)(cong)(cong)目前10%-15%到(dao)未來(lai)(lai)的(de)70%-80%,也有7-8倍的(de)成(cheng)長(chang)空(kong)間(jian)。長(chang)遠來(lai)(lai)看,整個新能(neng)(neng)源板(ban)塊未來(lai)(lai)的(de)增(zeng)速(su)非(fei)常快,儲能(neng)(neng)增(zeng)速(su)可能(neng)(neng)更快,因為它(ta)技術(shu)含量相(xiang)對較低,但未來(lai)(lai)空(kong)間(jian)又非(fei)常大(da)(da)。