城鄉(xiang)建設(she)是(shi)碳排(pai)放的主要領域之一。近日，住房和城鄉(xiang)建設(she)部、國家發展改革委印發了《城鄉(xiang)建設(she)領域碳達峰實(shi)施方案(an)》，深入貫徹(che)落實(shi)黨中(zhong)央、國務院關于碳達峰碳中(zhong)和決策(ce)部署，控制城鄉(xiang)建設(she)領域碳排(pai)放量增長。

《實施方案》從優化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)結(jie)構和布(bu)局、開展(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)社區建(jian)設(she)、開展(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)社區建(jian)設(she)、全面(mian)(mian)提高綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)建(jian)筑水平、建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)住宅、提高基礎設(she)施運(yun)行效率、優化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)能(neng)結(jie)構、推(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)建(jian)造等方面(mian)(mian)對(dui)建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)作了部署；并(bing)提出提升(sheng)縣城(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)水平、營造自(zi)然緊(jin)湊鄉村(cun)格(ge)局、推(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)農房(fang)建(jian)設(she)、推(tui)(tui)進生活垃(la)圾(ji)污水治理(li)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)化(hua)、推(tui)(tui)廣應(ying)用(yong)可再生能(neng)源，打造綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)縣城(cheng)(cheng)和鄉村(cun)。

其中，“開展綠色低碳社區(qu)建(jian)(jian)設”方(fang)面提出，按(an)照《完整(zheng)居住社區(qu)建(jian)(jian)設標準(zhun)（試(shi)行(xing)(xing)）》配(pei)建(jian)(jian)基本公共服(fu)務設施(shi)(shi)、便民商業(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)務設施(shi)(shi)、市(shi)政(zheng)配(pei)套基礎設施(shi)(shi)和公共活動空間(jian)，到2030年地級及以(yi)上城(cheng)市(shi)的完整(zheng)居住社區(qu)覆蓋(gai)率提高到60%以(yi)上。通過(guo)步(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)和騎行(xing)(xing)網絡串聯若干個(ge)居住社區(qu)，構建(jian)(jian)十五分(fen)鐘生活圈。推進(jin)綠色社區(qu)創建(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)動，將綠色發(fa)展理(li)念(nian)貫穿(chuan)社區(qu)規劃建(jian)(jian)設管(guan)理(li)全過(guo)程，60%的城(cheng)市(shi)社區(qu)先行(xing)(xing)達到創建(jian)(jian)要(yao)求。探索零碳社區(qu)建(jian)(jian)設。鼓(gu)勵物業(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)務企業(ye)(ye)(ye)向業(ye)(ye)(ye)主提供居家養老、家政(zheng)、托幼、健身、購物等(deng)生活服(fu)務，在步(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)范圍內滿足業(ye)(ye)(ye)主基本生活需求。鼓(gu)勵選(xuan)用色家電(dian)(dian)產(chan)品，減少使用一(yi)次性消(xiao)費品。鼓(gu)勵“部分(fen)空間(jian)、部分(fen)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)”等(deng)綠色低碳用能方(fang)式，倡(chang)導(dao)隨手關燈，電(dian)(dian)視機、空調、電(dian)(dian)腦等(deng)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)不用時(shi)(shi)關閉插座電(dian)(dian)源。鼓(gu)勵選(xuan)用新能源汽車，推進(jin)社區(qu)充換電(dian)(dian)設施(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設。

以下(xia)為《實施方(fang)案》全(quan)文：

城鄉建設領域碳達峰實施(shi)方案

城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建設(she)是碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)的主要領域(yu)之一。隨著城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化快速推進(jin)和產業結(jie)構深(shen)度調(diao)整，城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建設(she)領域(yu)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量及其(qi)占全社(she)會(hui)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)總量比例均將進(jin)一步提高。為深(shen)入貫(guan)徹(che)落實黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國務院關(guan)于碳(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和決策(ce)部(bu)署，控制(zhi)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建設(she)領域(yu)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量增長，切實做好(hao)(hao)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉建設(she)領域(yu)碳(tan)達(da)峰工(gong)作(zuo)，根據《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央 國務院關(guan)于完整準確全面貫(guan)徹(che)新發展(zhan)理念做好(hao)(hao)碳(tan)達(da)峰碳(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和工(gong)作(zuo)的意見》、《2030年前碳(tan)達(da)峰行動方(fang)案(an)》，制(zhi)定本實施方(fang)案(an)。

一、總體要求

（一）指(zhi)導思(si)想(xiang)。以習近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代中國特色社會(hui)主義思(si)想(xiang)為指(zhi)導，全面貫徹(che)黨的(de)十九大和十九屆歷次(ci)全會(hui)精神，深入貫徹(che)習近(jin)平(ping)生態文明思(si)想(xiang)，按照黨中央、國務(wu)院決策部署，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)穩中求進(jin)(jin)工作總基調，立足(zu)新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階段，完整(zheng)、準確、全面貫徹(che)新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理念，構建(jian)新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)格局，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)生態優(you)先(xian)(xian)、節約優(you)先(xian)(xian)、保護(hu)優(you)先(xian)(xian)，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)生，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)系統觀念，統籌發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和安全，以綠色低碳發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)為引領(ling)，推進(jin)(jin)城市更(geng)新(xin)行動和鄉(xiang)村(cun)建(jian)設(she)行動，加(jia)快轉變城鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)方(fang)式(shi)，提升綠色低碳發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)質量，不(bu)斷滿足(zu)人(ren)民群眾對美好(hao)生活的(de)需(xu)要。

（二(er)）工(gong)作原(yuan)則(ze)。堅(jian)持(chi)系統(tong)謀劃(hua)、分步實施(shi)，加強(qiang)頂(ding)層(ceng)設(she)計，強(qiang)化(hua)結果控制(zhi)，合理確(que)定(ding)工(gong)作節(jie)(jie)奏，統(tong)籌推(tui)進實現碳(tan)(tan)達峰。堅(jian)持(chi)因(yin)地制(zhi)宜，區分城市、鄉村、不同氣候區，科學(xue)確(que)定(ding)節(jie)(jie)能降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)要求。堅(jian)持(chi)創(chuang)新(xin)引領(ling)、轉型發展，加強(qiang)核(he)心技術(shu)攻堅(jian)，完善技術(shu)體系，強(qiang)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)創(chuang)新(xin)，完善城鄉建設(she)碳(tan)(tan)減排管(guan)理制(zhi)度。堅(jian)持(chi)雙輪驅動、共(gong)(gong)同發力，充分發揮政府主導和市場機(ji)制(zhi)作用，形成有效的激(ji)勵約束機(ji)制(zhi)，實施(shi)共(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)享，協同推(tui)進各項工(gong)作。

（三）主要目標。2030年(nian)前，城鄉建設(she)領域碳(tan)(tan)排放達到(dao)峰值(zhi)。城鄉建設(she)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)發展政策(ce)體(ti)系(xi)和體(ti)制機制基(ji)本建立；建筑節能(neng)、垃圾資源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)等水(shui)平大(da)(da)(da)幅提高，能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)效率達到(dao)國際(ji)先(xian)進水(shui)平；用(yong)(yong)能(neng)結(jie)構和方(fang)式(shi)更加優化(hua)，可再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)應用(yong)(yong)更加充分；城鄉建設(she)方(fang)式(shi)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)轉型(xing)取得積極進展，“大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)建設(she)、大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)消耗、大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)排放”基(ji)本扭轉；城市(shi)整體(ti)性、系(xi)統(tong)性、生(sheng)長(chang)性增(zeng)強，“城市(shi)病”問題初步(bu)解決；建筑品質(zhi)和工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)進一(yi)步(bu)提高，人居環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)幅改善；綠(lv)色(se)(se)生(sheng)活方(fang)式(shi)普遍形(xing)成，綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)運行(xing)初步(bu)實現(xian)。

力(li)爭到(dao)2060年前(qian)，城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)方式全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)實現(xian)綠(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型，系統性變革全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)實現(xian)，美好人居環境全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)建(jian)成，城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)領域碳(tan)排放治理(li)現(xian)代化全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)實現(xian)，人民(min)生活更加幸福。

二(er)、建設(she)綠色低(di)碳城市(shi)

（四）優化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)結構和(he)布局(ju)(ju)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)形態(tai)、密(mi)度、功能布局(ju)(ju)和(he)建(jian)設方(fang)式對碳(tan)減(jian)排(pai)具有基(ji)礎性重要影響。積(ji)極開(kai)展綠(lv)(lv)色低碳(tan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設，推(tui)動(dong)組(zu)團(tuan)(tuan)式發展。每(mei)個組(zu)團(tuan)(tuan)面(mian)積(ji)不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)50平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)，組(zu)團(tuan)(tuan)內(nei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)人(ren)口密(mi)度原(yuan)則(ze)上不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)1萬人(ren)/平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)，個別地段最高(gao)不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)1.5萬人(ren)/平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。加強生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)廊(lang)道(dao)、景(jing)觀(guan)視(shi)廊(lang)、通(tong)風廊(lang)道(dao)、濱水(shui)空間和(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)綠(lv)(lv)道(dao)統(tong)籌布局(ju)(ju)，留(liu)(liu)足城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)河(he)湖生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間和(he)防(fang)洪排(pai)澇(lao)空間，組(zu)團(tuan)(tuan)間的生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)廊(lang)道(dao)應(ying)貫通(tong)連續，凈(jing)寬度不(bu)(bu)少于100米。推(tui)動(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復，完善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong)。嚴格控制新(xin)建(jian)超高(gao)層建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，一般不(bu)(bu)得新(xin)建(jian)超高(gao)層住(zhu)宅。新(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)區合理(li)控制職住(zhu)比例，促進就(jiu)業崗(gang)位和(he)居住(zhu)空間均(jun)衡融合布局(ju)(ju)。合理(li)布局(ju)(ju)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)快速干線交(jiao)通(tong)、生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)性集散交(jiao)通(tong)和(he)綠(lv)(lv)色慢行(xing)交(jiao)通(tong)設施，主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區道(dao)路網密(mi)度應(ying)大于8公(gong)里(li)(li)/平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。嚴格既有建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)拆除(chu)管理(li)，堅持從“拆改留(liu)(liu)”到“留(liu)(liu)改拆”推(tui)動(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)，除(chu)違法建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)經專業機構鑒定為危房且(qie)無修繕保留(liu)(liu)價值的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外，不(bu)(bu)大規模、成(cheng)片(pian)(pian)集中拆除(chu)現(xian)狀建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)單元（片(pian)(pian)區）或項目內(nei)拆除(chu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)原(yuan)則(ze)上不(bu)(bu)應(ying)大于現(xian)狀總建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)的20%。盤活(huo)存量(liang)房屋，減(jian)少各(ge)類空置房。

（五）開(kai)展綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)是形成簡約適(shi)度(du)、綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)、文(wen)明(ming)健康(kang)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)方式的(de)重要(yao)場所。推廣功能復合的(de)混合街區(qu)(qu)，倡(chang)導(dao)居(ju)(ju)住、商(shang)(shang)業(ye)、無污染產(chan)業(ye)等(deng)混合布(bu)局。按(an)照(zhao)《完整居(ju)(ju)住社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)標準（試行(xing)(xing)）》配(pei)建(jian)(jian)基(ji)本(ben)公共服(fu)(fu)務設(she)施、便(bian)民商(shang)(shang)業(ye)服(fu)(fu)務設(she)施、市政配(pei)套基(ji)礎設(she)施和公共活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)空(kong)間，到(dao)2030年地(di)級及(ji)以上城市的(de)完整居(ju)(ju)住社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)覆蓋率(lv)提(ti)高到(dao)60%以上。通(tong)過(guo)步行(xing)(xing)和騎行(xing)(xing)網絡串聯若干個居(ju)(ju)住社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)，構建(jian)(jian)十五分(fen)鐘生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)圈(quan)。推進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)色(se)(se)社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，將綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展理念(nian)貫穿社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)規劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)管(guan)理全過(guo)程，60%的(de)城市社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)先行(xing)(xing)達到(dao)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)要(yao)求。探索(suo)零(ling)碳(tan)社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)勵物(wu)業(ye)服(fu)(fu)務企(qi)業(ye)向(xiang)業(ye)主提(ti)供居(ju)(ju)家養老、家政、托(tuo)幼、健身、購物(wu)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)服(fu)(fu)務，在步行(xing)(xing)范圍(wei)內滿足業(ye)主基(ji)本(ben)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)需求。鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)勵選用色(se)(se)家電(dian)(dian)產(chan)品，減少使用一(yi)次(ci)性消費品。鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)勵“部分(fen)空(kong)間、部分(fen)時間”等(deng)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳(tan)用能方式，倡(chang)導(dao)隨手關燈(deng)，電(dian)(dian)視機、空(kong)調、電(dian)(dian)腦等(deng)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)不用時關閉插座電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)勵選用新能源(yuan)汽車(che)，推進(jin)(jin)社(she)(she)區(qu)(qu)充換電(dian)(dian)設(she)施建(jian)(jian)設(she)。

（六）全(quan)面提(ti)高綠色(se)低碳(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)平。持(chi)續(xu)開展綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行(xing)動，到(dao)2025年，城(cheng)鎮新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)面執行(xing)綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)標準，星(xing)級綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占比達到(dao)30%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)政府投資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)益性公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)大型(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)部達到(dao)一星(xing)級以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。2030年前嚴寒(han)、寒(han)冷(leng)(leng)地區新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)居(ju)住(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體達到(dao)83%節(jie)(jie)能(neng)要(yao)求，夏熱冬(dong)冷(leng)(leng)、夏熱冬(dong)暖、溫和(he)(he)地區新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)居(ju)住(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體達到(dao)75%節(jie)(jie)能(neng)要(yao)求，新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)體達到(dao)78%節(jie)(jie)能(neng)要(yao)求。推動低碳(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)規(gui)模化(hua)發展，鼓(gu)勵建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)零(ling)碳(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)近零(ling)能(neng)耗建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。加強節(jie)(jie)能(neng)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)鑒定(ding)(ding)評估，編制改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)專項規(gui)劃(hua)，對具備(bei)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)價值和(he)(he)條件的(de)居(ju)住(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)應改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)盡改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)，改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)部分(fen)(fen)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)水(shui)平應達到(dao)現(xian)(xian)行(xing)標準規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。持(chi)續(xu)推進公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)效(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)重點(dian)(dian)城(cheng)市建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，到(dao)2030年地級以(yi)上(shang)(shang)重點(dian)(dian)城(cheng)市全(quan)部完成改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)任務，改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)造(zao)后實現(xian)(xian)整體能(neng)效(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)20%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。推進公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)耗監測(ce)和(he)(he)統計(ji)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，逐(zhu)步(bu)實施能(neng)耗限額管理。加強空調、照(zhao)明、電梯(ti)等重點(dian)(dian)用能(neng)設(she)(she)備(bei)運行(xing)調適，提(ti)升(sheng)設(she)(she)備(bei)能(neng)效(xiao)，到(dao)2030年實現(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)機電系統的(de)總體能(neng)效(xiao)在現(xian)(xian)有(you)水(shui)平上(shang)(shang)提(ti)升(sheng)10%。

（七）建設(she)綠色(se)低碳住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅。提(ti)升住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅品(pin)質，積(ji)極發展中小戶(hu)型(xing)普通(tong)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅，限(xian)制發展超大(da)戶(hu)型(xing)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅。依(yi)據當地氣候條件，合理(li)確(que)定(ding)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅朝向、窗墻比和體形(xing)系數，降低住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅能(neng)耗。合理(li)布局居住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生活(huo)空間，鼓勵大(da)開間、小進深，充分利(li)用(yong)(yong)日照(zhao)和自然通(tong)風。推行(xing)靈活(huo)可變的居住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)空間設(she)計，減少改造(zao)或拆除造(zao)成(cheng)的資源(yuan)浪費。推動新建住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅全(quan)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)(xiu)交付使用(yong)(yong)，減少資源(yuan)消耗和環(huan)境污染(ran)。積(ji)極推廣(guang)裝(zhuang)配化裝(zhuang)修(xiu)(xiu)，推行(xing)整體衛(wei)浴和廚(chu)房(fang)等模塊化部品(pin)應用(yong)(yong)技術，實(shi)現(xian)部品(pin)部件可拆改、可循環(huan)使用(yong)(yong)。提(ti)高共用(yong)(yong)設(she)施(shi)設(she)備維(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)養(yang)護水平，提(ti)升智(zhi)能(neng)化程度。加強住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅共用(yong)(yong)部位維(wei)護管(guan)理(li)，延長(chang)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)宅使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。

（八）提高(gao)基礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)運行(xing)(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率。基礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)體系化(hua)(hua)(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、生態(tai)綠(lv)色化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)穩定運行(xing)(xing)，可以(yi)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)減少能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消耗和(he)(he)碳排放。實施(shi)(shi)30年以(yi)上(shang)老舊供熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)工程，加強供熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)保溫(wen)材料(liao)更換，推進供熱(re)(re)場站、管(guan)(guan)網(wang)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)改(gai)造(zao)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)熱(re)(re)損失比(bi)(bi)2020年下降5個百分(fen)點(dian)。開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)人行(xing)(xing)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)自行(xing)(xing)車專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)專(zhuan)項行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，完善(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)軌道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通站點(dian)與周邊建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑連廊或(huo)地(di)下通道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)等配套(tao)接(jie)駁設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)，加大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)力度，提升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)共交(jiao)(jiao)通運行(xing)(xing)效(xiao)(xiao)率和(he)(he)服務水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綠(lv)色交(jiao)(jiao)通出行(xing)(xing)比(bi)(bi)例穩步(bu)提升。全(quan)(quan)面推行(xing)(xing)垃(la)圾(ji)分(fen)類和(he)(he)減量化(hua)(hua)(hua)、資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，完善(shan)(shan)生活垃(la)圾(ji)分(fen)類投放、分(fen)類收集、分(fen)類運輸(shu)、分(fen)類處理(li)(li)系統(tong)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生活垃(la)圾(ji)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)率達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)65%。結合城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)特(te)點(dian)，充(chong)分(fen)尊重自然，加強城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)與原有(you)河(he)流、湖泊等生態(tai)本(ben)底(di)的有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)銜(xian)接(jie)，因地(di)制宜，系統(tong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)全(quan)(quan)域推進海(hai)綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，綜合采用(yong)(yong)“滲(shen)、滯、蓄、凈(jing)、用(yong)(yong)、排“方式，加大(da)雨水(shui)(shui)蓄滯與利用(yong)(yong)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年全(quan)(quan)國城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)區(qu)(qu)平(ping)均可滲(shen)透面積占比(bi)(bi)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)45%。推進節水(shui)(shui)型(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，實施(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)老舊供水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)，推進管(guan)(guan)網(wang)分(fen)區(qu)(qu)計(ji)量，提升供水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，力爭(zheng)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)共供水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網(wang)漏(lou)損率控制在8%以(yi)內(nei)。實施(shi)(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)收集處理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)改(gai)造(zao)和(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮污(wu)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年全(quan)(quan)國城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)均再生水(shui)(shui)利用(yong)(yong)率達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)30%。加快(kuai)推進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)供氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)和(he)(he)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)。推進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綠(lv)色照(zhao)明(ming)，加強城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)照(zhao)明(ming)規劃(hua)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)運營全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，控制過(guo)度亮化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)光污(wu)染，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年LED等高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)燈(deng)具使用(yong)(yong)占比(bi)(bi)超過(guo)80%，30%以(yi)上(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)照(zhao)明(ming)數字化(hua)(hua)(hua)系統(tong)。開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園林綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)提升行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，完善(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)園體系，推進中心(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)、老城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)綠(lv)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)網(wang)絡建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)，加強立體綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，提高(gao)鄉(xiang)土和(he)(he)本(ben)地(di)適(shi)生植(zhi)物應(ying)用(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)例，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2030年城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)區(qu)(qu)綠(lv)地(di)率達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)38.9%，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)區(qu)(qu)擁有(you)綠(lv)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)長度超過(guo)1公(gong)(gong)里/萬人。

（九）優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)城(cheng)市建(jian)(jian)設用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)結構。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設，到2025年新建(jian)(jian)公(gong)(gong)共機構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、新建(jian)(jian)廠房屋頂光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)覆蓋率力(li)(li)(li)(li)爭達(da)到50%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)既有公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)屋頂加裝太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系(xi)統。加快(kuai)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)。在太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)較豐富地區及有穩定熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水需(xu)求的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中，積極(ji)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。因(yin)地制(zhi)宜推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進地熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)、生物質能(neng)(neng)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)空氣(qi)源(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)各(ge)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技(ji)術(shu)。到2025年城(cheng)鎮建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)替(ti)代(dai)率達(da)到8%。引導建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)供暖(nuan)、生活(huo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水、炊事等(deng)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，到2030年建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)占建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)比(bi)(bi)例超過65%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)開展(zhan)新建(jian)(jian)公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)全面電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，到2030年電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)比(bi)(bi)例達(da)到20%。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水器、高效(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)爐灶等(deng)替(ti)代(dai)燃(ran)氣(qi)產品，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)高效(xiao)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)器與設備應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)網、“光(guang)儲直(zhi)柔(rou)”、蓄冷蓄熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、負荷靈活(huo)調節、虛擬(ni)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，優先消納可(ke)再(zai)(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，主動(dong)參與電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)需(xu)求側響應。探(tan)索建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)群控技(ji)術(shu)，在滿足用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)求前提下，合理調配用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷，實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)少(shao)增容(rong)、不增容(rong)。根據既有能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)基礎設施和經濟承受能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，因(yin)地制(zhi)宜探(tan)索氫燃(ran)料電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)分布式(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯供。推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)(yuan)端低碳化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，綜合利用(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯產余(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、工業余(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)余(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，根據各(ge)地實際情況應用(yong)(yong)(yong)盡用(yong)(yong)(yong)。充分發(fa)(fa)揮城(cheng)市熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，提高城(cheng)市熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)生物質耦合能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。引導寒冷地區達(da)到超低能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)不再(zai)(zai)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)市政集中供暖(nuan)。

（十）推進綠色低碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造。大力發展(zhan)裝配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，推廣(guang)(guang)鋼結構(gou)住宅，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)裝配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)占當(dang)年(nian)城鎮新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的比例(li)達到(dao)(dao)40%。推廣(guang)(guang)智能(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)培(pei)育100個智能(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造產業基地，打造一批(pi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)產業互聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺，形(xing)成(cheng)一系列建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)機器人標(biao)志性(xing)產品(pin)。推廣(guang)(guang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材料(liao)工廠(chang)化精準(zhun)加工、精細化管理(li)，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)施工現場(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材料(liao)損耗(hao)率比2020年(nian)下降20%。加強施工現場(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)圾管控(kong)，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施工現場(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)圾排(pai)放量不高(gao)于(yu)300噸/萬平(ping)(ping)方米。積極推廣(guang)(guang)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)型施工設(she)備，監控(kong)重點(dian)設(she)備耗(hao)能(neng)(neng)，對(dui)多臺同類(lei)設(she)備實施群控(kong)管理(li)。優先選用獲(huo)得綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材認證標(biao)識的建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材產品(pin)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立政府工程采購綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材機制，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)星級(ji)(ji)綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)全面推廣(guang)(guang)綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材。鼓勵有條件的地區使(shi)用木竹建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材。提高(gao)預(yu)制構(gou)件和部品(pin)部件通用性(xing)，推廣(guang)(guang)標(biao)準(zhun)化、少規格、多組合設(she)計。推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)圾集中處理(li)、分級(ji)(ji)利(li)用，到(dao)(dao)2030年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)圾資(zi)源化利(li)用率達到(dao)(dao)55%。

三(san)、打造綠色低碳(tan)縣(xian)城(cheng)和鄉村(cun)

（十一）提(ti)升縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)綠色低(di)碳水平(ping)(ping)。開(kai)展綠色低(di)碳縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，構(gou)建(jian)集約節約、尺度(du)宜人的縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)格局。充(chong)分借助自(zi)然條件、順(shun)應原有地形地貌，實現縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)然環境融合(he)協調。結合(he)實際推(tui)行大(da)分散與(yu)(yu)(yu)小區域集中相(xiang)結合(he)的基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施分布(bu)式(shi)布(bu)局，建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)綠色節約型(xing)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施。要(yao)因地制宜強化縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)密(mi)度(du)與(yu)(yu)(yu)強度(du)管控，位于生態(tai)功能區、農產品主產區的縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建(jian)成區人口密(mi)度(du)控制在(zai)0.6—1萬人/平(ping)(ping)方公里，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)總面積與(yu)(yu)(yu)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)用地比值控制在(zai)0.6—0.8；建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)度(du)要(yao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)消防救援(yuan)能力相(xiang)匹配，新建(jian)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)以(yi)6層為(wei)主，最高(gao)不超(chao)過(guo)18層，6層及以(yi)下(xia)住(zhu)宅(zhai)(zhai)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面積占比應不低(di)于70%；確(que)需建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)18層以(yi)上居住(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的，應嚴格充(chong)分論證(zheng)，并(bing)確(que)保(bao)消防應急(ji)、市(shi)政配套(tao)設(she)(she)(she)施等建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)到位；推(tui)行“窄馬路、密(mi)路網、小街區”，縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)內部(bu)道(dao)路紅線寬度(du)不超(chao)過(guo)40米，廣場集中硬地面積不超(chao)過(guo)2公頃，步(bu)行道(dao)網絡應連(lian)續通(tong)暢。

（十二(er)）營(ying)造自然(ran)(ran)緊(jin)(jin)湊鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村格(ge)局。合理(li)布局鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村建(jian)設，保護(hu)(hu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)，減(jian)少資源(yuan)能源(yuan)消(xiao)耗。開展綠色低碳村莊(zhuang)建(jian)設，提升鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村生(sheng)(sheng)態和(he)環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)。農房和(he)村莊(zhuang)建(jian)設選址要安全可(ke)靠，順(shun)應地形地貌，保護(hu)(hu)山水(shui)林田湖草沙生(sheng)(sheng)態脈(mo)絡。鼓勵新(xin)建(jian)農房向(xiang)基礎設施(shi)完善、自然(ran)(ran)條(tiao)件優越、公共服(fu)務設施(shi)齊全、景觀環(huan)境(jing)優美的村莊(zhuang)聚(ju)集(ji)，農房群落自然(ran)(ran)、緊(jin)(jin)湊、有序(xu)。

（十三(san)）推(tui)進綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。提升農(nong)房(fang)(fang)綠色(se)(se)低碳(tan)(tan)設(she)(she)計(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)水平(ping)，提高(gao)(gao)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)效水平(ping)，到(dao)2030年建(jian)(jian)(jian)成一批綠色(se)(se)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)，鼓勵建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)星級綠色(se)(se)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)和零碳(tan)(tan)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)。按(an)照結構安全、功能(neng)(neng)完善、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)等(deng)(deng)要求，制定和完善農(nong)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)相(xiang)關標準(zhun)(zhun)。引(yin)導新建(jian)(jian)(jian)農(nong)房(fang)(fang)執行《農(nong)村居住建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)設(she)(she)計(ji)標準(zhun)(zhun)》等(deng)(deng)相(xiang)關標準(zhun)(zhun)，完善農(nong)房(fang)(fang)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)措施，因地制宜推(tui)廣太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)暖房(fang)(fang)等(deng)(deng)可再生能(neng)(neng)源利用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)式(shi)。推(tui)廣使用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)能(neng)(neng)效照明(ming)、灶具等(deng)(deng)設(she)(she)施設(she)(she)備(bei)。鼓勵就(jiu)地取(qu)(qu)材(cai)和利用(yong)(yong)(yong)鄉土材(cai)料，推(tui)廣使用(yong)(yong)(yong)綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)，鼓勵選用(yong)(yong)(yong)裝配式(shi)鋼(gang)結構、木結構等(deng)(deng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)方(fang)式(shi)。大力推(tui)進北(bei)方(fang)地區(qu)農(nong)村清潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖。在北(bei)方(fang)地區(qu)冬季清潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖項(xiang)目(mu)中積極(ji)推(tui)進農(nong)房(fang)(fang)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)改造(zao)，提高(gao)(gao)常(chang)住房(fang)(fang)間舒(shu)適性，改造(zao)后實現整體能(neng)(neng)效提升30%以上(shang)。

（十四）推(tui)進生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)污(wu)(wu)(wu)水治(zhi)理(li)低碳(tan)化(hua)。推(tui)進農(nong)村污(wu)(wu)(wu)水處(chu)理(li)，合理(li)確定(ding)排(pai)放標準，推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)水就近就地資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)用。因(yin)地制宜(yi)，推(tui)廣(guang)小型(xing)化(hua)、生(sheng)態化(hua)、分(fen)散化(hua)的污(wu)(wu)(wu)水處(chu)理(li)工藝(yi)，推(tui)行微動(dong)力(li)、低能耗、低成本的運行方式(shi)。推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)分(fen)類(lei)處(chu)理(li)，倡導農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)用，從源頭減少農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)產生(sheng)量(liang)。

（十五）推(tui)廣應用可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源。推(tui)進(jin)太陽能(neng)、地熱(re)能(neng)、空(kong)氣熱(re)能(neng)、生(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)等(deng)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源在鄉村供(gong)(gong)氣、供(gong)(gong)暖、供(gong)(gong)電等(deng)方(fang)面的應用。大力(li)推(tui)動農(nong)房屋頂、院落空(kong)地、農(nong)業設施加裝太陽能(neng)光伏系統。推(tui)動鄉村進(jin)一步(bu)提(ti)高(gao)電氣化(hua)水(shui)平，鼓勵炊事、供(gong)(gong)暖、照明、交通、熱(re)水(shui)等(deng)用能(neng)電氣化(hua)。充分利用太陽能(neng)光熱(re)系統提(ti)供(gong)(gong)生(sheng)活熱(re)水(shui)，鼓勵使(shi)用太陽能(neng)灶(zao)等(deng)設備。

四、強化保障措施

（十六）建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立完善(shan)法律法規和(he)標(biao)(biao)準計量(liang)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。推動(dong)完善(shan)城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)領域碳達峰相(xiang)關法律法規，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全碳排(pai)(pai)放(fang)管理制(zhi)(zhi)度，明確(que)責任主體(ti)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立完善(shan)節(jie)能降碳標(biao)(biao)準計量(liang)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)完善(shan)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)、零碳建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造等標(biao)(biao)準。鼓勵具備(bei)條件的地(di)區(qu)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)高于國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)準的地(di)方工程建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準和(he)推薦性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準。各地(di)根據碳排(pai)(pai)放(fang)控制(zhi)(zhi)目標(biao)(biao)要求(qiu)和(he)產業結構情況(kuang)，合理確(que)定(ding)(ding)城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)領域碳排(pai)(pai)放(fang)控制(zhi)(zhi)目標(biao)(biao)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立城(cheng)市、縣城(cheng)、社區(qu)、行(xing)政村、住宅開(kai)發(fa)項目綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。完善(shan)省市公共建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)能監管平臺，推動(dong)能源消費數據共享，加強(qiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)領域計量(liang)器具配備(bei)和(he)管理。加強(qiang)城(cheng)市、縣城(cheng)、鄉村等常住人口調查與分(fen)析(xi)。

（十七）構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)發展(zhan)模(mo)式(shi)。以綠(lv)色低碳(tan)為(wei)目(mu)標(biao)，構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)縱向到(dao)底、橫向到(dao)邊(bian)、共建(jian)(jian)共治共享發展(zhan)模(mo)式(shi)，健全政(zheng)府主導、群團帶動、社會參與機(ji)制。建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全“一(yi)年一(yi)體檢(jian)、五年一(yi)評(ping)估”的(de)城市體檢(jian)評(ping)估制度。建(jian)(jian)立(li)鄉(xiang)村建(jian)(jian)設評(ping)價機(ji)制。利用建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)信息模(mo)型(xing)(xing)（BIM）技術和城市信息模(mo)型(xing)(xing)（CIM）平臺等(deng)(deng)，推(tui)動數字建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)、數字攣生城市建(jian)(jian)設，加快城鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設數字化(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)。大力發展(zhan)節能(neng)服務產(chan)業，推(tui)廣合同(tong)能(neng)源管理，探索節能(neng)咨詢(xun)、診斷、設計、融(rong)資、改造、托管等(deng)(deng)“一(yi)站式(shi)”綜(zong)合服務模(mo)式(shi)。

（十(shi)八）建(jian)立產學研(yan)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)機制。組織(zhi)開展(zhan)基(ji)礎研(yan)究、關鍵(jian)核心技術攻關、工程示范和產業(ye)化(hua)(hua)應(ying)用，推動科技研(yan)發(fa)、成果轉化(hua)(hua)、產業(ye)培育協(xie)同發(fa)展(zhan)。整合(he)優化(hua)(hua)行業(ye)產學研(yan)科技資源，推動高(gao)水平創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)團隊(dui)和創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)平臺建(jian)設，加(jia)強創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)型領軍企(qi)業(ye)培育。鼓勵支持領軍企(qi)業(ye)聯(lian)合(he)高(gao)校、科研(yan)院所(suo)、產業(ye)園區(qu)、金融機構等(deng)力量，組建(jian)產業(ye)技術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)聯(lian)盟等(deng)多(duo)種形式的創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)聯(lian)合(he)體(ti)。鼓勵高(gao)校增設碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和相關課(ke)程，加(jia)強人才(cai)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設。

（十九）完(wan)(wan)善金(jin)融財政(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)持政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。完(wan)(wan)善支(zhi)持城鄉建設(she)(she)領域碳(tan)達峰的相關(guan)財政(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，落實稅收優惠政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。完(wan)(wan)善綠(lv)色(se)建筑和(he)綠(lv)色(se)建材政(zheng)(zheng)府采購需求標準(zhun)，在政(zheng)(zheng)府采購領域推廣綠(lv)色(se)建筑和(he)綠(lv)色(se)建材應(ying)用。強化(hua)(hua)綠(lv)色(se)金(jin)融支(zhi)持，鼓勵銀行業金(jin)融機構(gou)在風(feng)險(xian)(xian)可控(kong)和(he)商業自主原則(ze)下(xia)，創新信貸(dai)產品(pin)和(he)服務(wu)支(zhi)持城鄉建設(she)(she)領域節(jie)能降碳(tan)。鼓勵開發(fa)(fa)商投保(bao)(bao)(bao)全裝修(xiu)住宅(zhai)質量(liang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)，強化(hua)(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)支(zhi)持，發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)綠(lv)色(se)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)產品(pin)的風(feng)險(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障作用。合理開放(fang)城鎮(zhen)基礎設(she)(she)施投資(zi)(zi)、建設(she)(she)和(he)運營(ying)市場，應(ying)用特許(xu)經營(ying)、政(zheng)(zheng)府購買(mai)服務(wu)等手(shou)段吸引社會資(zi)(zi)本投入。完(wan)(wan)善差別電價、分時電價和(he)居民階梯(ti)電價政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，加快推進供(gong)熱(re)(re)計量(liang)和(he)按供(gong)熱(re)(re)量(liang)收費。

五、加強組織實施

（二十）加(jia)強組織領導(dao)。在碳達(da)峰(feng)碳中和工(gong)作領導(dao)小組領導(dao)下，住(zhu)房(fang)和城鄉(xiang)建設部(bu)(bu)、國家發展改革委(wei)等部(bu)(bu)門加(jia)強協作，形成合力。各(ge)地區各(ge)有關部(bu)(bu)門要(yao)加(jia)強協調，科學制定(ding)城鄉(xiang)建設領域碳達(da)峰(feng)實施細化(hua)方(fang)案，明確任務目標，制定(ding)責任清單(dan)。

（二十一(yi)）強化任(ren)務落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)。各(ge)地區各(ge)有關部(bu)門要明確(que)責任(ren)，將各(ge)項任(ren)務落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)落(luo)(luo)細，及時總結好經驗好做法，扎實(shi)(shi)推進(jin)相關工作。各(ge)省(sheng)（區、市）住房和(he)城鄉建(jian)設(she)、發(fa)展改革(ge)(ge)部(bu)門于每年11月底前(qian)將當年貫徹落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)情(qing)況報住房和(he)城鄉建(jian)設(she)部(bu)、國家發(fa)展改革(ge)(ge)委。

（二十二）加(jia)大培訓宣傳(chuan)。將碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中和作為城鄉建設領域(yu)干部培訓重要內(nei)容，提高綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)發展能力(li)。通(tong)過業(ye)務培訓、比賽競賽、經驗交(jiao)流等(deng)多種方式，提高規劃、設計、施工、運行(xing)相關單位和企(qi)業(ye)人才業(ye)務水平。加(jia)大對(dui)優秀項(xiang)目、典(dian)型案(an)例(li)的宣傳(chuan)力(li)度，配(pei)合開展好“全民節(jie)能行(xing)動(dong)”、“節(jie)能宣傳(chuan)周”等(deng)活(huo)動(dong)。編寫(xie)綠色(se)生活(huo)宣傳(chuan)手冊，積(ji)極(ji)倡導綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)生活(huo)方式，動(dong)員社會各(ge)(ge)方力(li)量參與降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)行(xing)動(dong)，形成社會各(ge)(ge)界支持、群眾(zhong)積(ji)極(ji)參與的濃厚氛圍(wei)。開展減(jian)排自愿(yuan)承諾(nuo)，引導公眾(zhong)自覺履行(xing)節(jie)能減(jian)排責任。

（環境生態網）