<ul id='bsuF7'></ul>

　　國家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)委員會(hui)近(jin)日(ri)發(fa)布2012年第13號國家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)公告，《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)主要指標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)評(ping)價(jia)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)《標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)》)將于11月1日(ri)起實施(shi)。從發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)煤耗(hao)(hao)、供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)煤耗(hao)(hao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網綜(zong)合線損(sun)率(lv)等方(fang)(fang)面嚴控(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)能(neng)耗(hao)(hao)損(sun)失和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)生產輸送成本，推進低碳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)機構每年將對監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)上(shang)年度供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)煤耗(hao)(hao)予(yu)以公布，并提出監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)意見。這是國家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)委員會(hui)首(shou)次以發(fa)布國家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式實施(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)節能(neng)降(jiang)耗(hao)(hao)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)節能(neng)降(jiang)耗(hao)(hao)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)可(ke)計(ji)量、可(ke)比較、可(ke)評(ping)價(jia)，強化(hua)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)權威性(xing)(xing)、公平性(xing)(xing)和(he)科學性(xing)(xing)，豐富和(he)完善了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)手段。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監(jian)(jian)會(hui)表示，將通過標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)推行，逐步將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)能(neng)耗(hao)(hao)損(sun)失控(kong)制在合理(li)范圍。

　　 我國(guo)(guo)(guo)是資源能(neng)源短(duan)缺型國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)，電(dian)源結構中又(you)以火電(dian)為主。2010年電(dian)力行(xing)業(ye)消(xiao)耗(hao)了全國(guo)(guo)(guo)55.1%的(de)煤炭資源，在(zai)能(neng)源轉換過程中排放的(de)二氧(yang)化硫占(zhan)(zhan)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)42.5%，排放的(de)二氧(yang)化碳約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)50%.因(yin)此，電(dian)力行(xing)業(ye)在(zai)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排和應(ying)對氣候變(bian)化中具有舉足(zu)輕重的(de)作用。2000年至2011年，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)發電(dian)企業(ye)供(gong)電(dian)煤耗(hao)從392克/千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時下(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)329克/千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，線損率從7.7%下(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)6.52%。但較發達(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)相比仍(reng)有一定差距，如日本(ben)、德國(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)供(gong)電(dian)煤耗(hao)接近300克/千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，韓國(guo)(guo)(guo)、日本(ben)、加拿大(da)、意大(da)利等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)2008年的(de)線損率分別為4.0%、5.1%、6.2%、6.0%.德國(guo)(guo)(guo)2007年的(de)線損率為5.8%.

　　為促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業降(jiang)低能(neng)(neng)源消耗(hao)(hao)率，保證(zheng)設備安(an)全(quan)、可靠和經(jing)濟運(yun)行(xing)，《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)耗(hao)(hao)主要指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)的(de)監管(guan)評價》明(ming)(ming)確規定，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)煤(mei)耗(hao)(hao)、廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率基礎值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)按(an)(an)項目批準(zhun)文件設計值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)投產性能(neng)(neng)驗(yan)收試驗(yan)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)改造(zao)后(hou)考(kao)核試驗(yan)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選取。當供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)煤(mei)耗(hao)(hao)變(bian)(bian)化值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)超限(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業應專門(men)編寫企(qi)(qi)(qi)業或(huo)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)煤(mei)耗(hao)(hao)超限(xian)(xian)(xian)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)，說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)超限(xian)(xian)(xian)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，并(bing)對各(ge)影響因(yin)素進(jin)行(xing)理(li)論分析并(bing)計算影響值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率按(an)(an)全(quan)廠廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率、機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率和機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率變(bian)(bian)化指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)實(shi)施備案。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)監管(guan)機(ji)(ji)構每年對監管(guan)范(fan)圍內的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業報(bao)(bao)告(gao)的(de)上年度(du)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)煤(mei)耗(hao)(hao)予以公布，并(bing)提出監管(guan)意見。對于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)而言，當期(qi)綜(zong)(zong)合線損(sun)(sun)率與(yu)上一(yi)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)期(qi)綜(zong)(zong)合線損(sun)(sun)率的(de)比(bi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不小于(yu)(yu)0.95且不大(da)于(yu)(yu)1時(shi)(shi)，滿(man)足監管(guan)要求。這(zhe)一(yi)比(bi)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小于(yu)(yu)0.95時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業須報(bao)(bao)告(gao)說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)情況(kuang);大(da)于(yu)(yu)1時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業應專門(men)編寫綜(zong)(zong)合線損(sun)(sun)率超限(xian)(xian)(xian)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)，說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)超限(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，同時(shi)(shi)對引起(qi)綜(zong)(zong)合線損(sun)(sun)率變(bian)(bian)化值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)超限(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)各(ge)因(yin)素進(jin)行(xing)理(li)論分析并(bing)計算影響值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監會表示，將(jiang)(jiang)通過標(biao)準的推行，有(you)效控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力生產(chan)和輸送成本，推進低(di)碳(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力發(fa)(fa)展。此外，《供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)規范》、《發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組并(bing)網安全條件及評價》也將(jiang)(jiang)于近期(qi)實施(shi)，加(jia)上已經實施(shi)的《風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統技術規定》，目前已有(you)4項電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監標(biao)準批準發(fa)(fa)布。

<i id='czpjz'></i>