賽迪智庫:下半年全國工業節能減排形勢不容樂觀
2012-07-23 826 賽迪網 編輯:ms wang
永久免费AV网站SM调教_精品国产精品国产偷麻豆_无码中字出轨中文人妻中文中_每章都有肉并且非常黄的小说
2012年(nian)是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國實現“十二(er)五(wu)”節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排目標的關鍵一年(nian),近日,賽(sai)迪智庫在(zai)京舉辦賽(sai)迪學(xue)術(shu)沙龍系列之三——工(gong)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排論壇,其(qi)工(gong)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排走勢預(yu)測課題組(zu)發布了《2012年(nian)下(xia)半(ban)(ban)年(nian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國工(gong)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排走勢分析與(yu)預(yu)測》報告,對上半(ban)(ban)年(nian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國工(gong)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排基本特點及存在(zai)的主(zhu)要問題進(jin)行分析,預(yu)測下(xia)半(ban)(ban)年(nian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國工(gong)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排的走勢并提(ti)出政策(ce)措施建議,為國家節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)(jian)排工(gong)作提(ti)供決策(ce)參考。
上半年工業節能減排主要情況
上半年工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)費(fei)量(liang)增速趨緩,單位工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增加(jia)值能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗下降較快,工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)呈現(xian)出五大基本特點:工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)形勢好于預期(qi);四(si)大高載能(neng)(neng)(neng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)費(fei)量(liang)占(zhan)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)費(fei)總量(liang)的比重下降;部(bu)分重點用能(neng)(neng)(neng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)淘汰(tai)落后產能(neng)(neng)(neng)空(kong)間(jian)縮(suo)小,技(ji)術節能(neng)(neng)(neng)難度(du)加(jia)大;西部(bu)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟快速發展,節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)壓力激增;重點工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)用能(neng)(neng)(neng)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)(pai)(pai)工(gong)作有序推進。
1-5月(yue)份(fen),全(quan)(quan)國(guo)規模以上工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)單位增加值能耗(hao)下降7.35%,超(chao)額完(wan)成年(nian)度(du)下降5%的預期目(mu)標。四大高載能行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)占工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)總量(liang)的比重(zhong)為43.8%,較去(qu)年(nian)同(tong)期下降1個(ge)百分(fen)點。對比分(fen)析2012年(nian)和2011年(nian)的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)淘汰落后產能目(mu)標任務(wu),煉鐵(tie)、煉鋼、電(dian)解鋁等部(bu)分(fen)高耗(hao)能行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的整體技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)藝裝備(bei)已經(jing)處(chu)于較高水平(ping),技(ji)術(shu)節能空間(jian)收(shou)窄(zhai)。1-5月(yue)份(fen),西部(bu)12省工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增加值增速全(quan)(quan)部(bu)超(chao)過全(quan)(quan)國(guo)平(ping)均(jun)水平(ping)(10.7%),新疆、貴州、青(qing)海、寧夏(xia)的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)增速均(jun)超(chao)過10%,遠(yuan)高于全(quan)(quan)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)增速(3.7%)的平(ping)均(jun)水平(ping)。“十二五”期間(jian),對重(zhong)點用(yong)能企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye),國(guo)家提出實施萬家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)節能低碳(tan)行(xing)(xing)動(dong),與(yu)以行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)手(shou)段推進(jin)重(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)能企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)節能減排工(gong)(gong)作相比,中小工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)節能減排工(gong)(gong)作內生動(dong)力不足。
盡管上半年節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)取得(de)(de)較(jiao)好成效(xiao),仍存在以(yi)下問(wen)題,一是工(gong)(gong)業結構重(zhong)化趨勢尚未(wei)得(de)(de)到根本扭轉(zhuan)。1-5月(yue)份,盡管輕工(gong)(gong)業同(tong)比增速(su)比重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)業快1.2個百分(fen)點(dian),但是短期內還很(hen)難扭轉(zhuan)工(gong)(gong)業結構偏重(zhong)的(de)趨勢。二是對中(zhong)小(xiao)工(gong)(gong)業企業節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)重(zhong)視不夠(gou)。一些落后(hou)的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)技術裝(zhuang)備在中(zhong)小(xiao)工(gong)(gong)業企業中(zhong)廣泛使用,中(zhong)小(xiao)工(gong)(gong)業企業很(hen)難獲得(de)(de)國家節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)技術改造資金支持。三是中(zhong)西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)經濟發展與節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)存在矛盾。中(zhong)西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)至少有10個省市(shi)提出“十二五”經濟總量翻(fan)番的(de)目(mu)標,而經濟高速(su)增長需要工(gong)(gong)業重(zhong)大(da)項目(mu)來支撐,中(zhong)西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)面臨既(ji)要加快經濟發展又要節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)的(de)兩難困境。
下半年工業節能減排走勢分析與預測
隨著(zhu)國家“穩增長、擴內需”的(de)相關具(ju)體措(cuo)施出臺(tai)和部分地區一大批高耗能(neng)項目相繼投產,今年下半年工(gong)業能(neng)源消耗將快(kuai)速增長,工(gong)業節能(neng)指標可能(neng)出現反彈。
上(shang)半年,國家出(chu)臺一系列措(cuo)施以扭(niu)轉(zhuan)經濟下行趨(qu)勢。鐵(tie)路(lu)、機場等一批基礎設施建(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目重(zhong)新相繼開工,拉動(dong)高耗(hao)能(neng)行業快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)發展,推(tui)動(dong)工業能(neng)耗(hao)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)增長。近期,部分地區高耗(hao)能(neng)項(xiang)(xiang)目審(shen)批速(su)度(du)加快(kuai)(kuai),一批工業重(zhong)大項(xiang)(xiang)目即(ji)將啟動(dong)。下半年,高耗(hao)能(neng)行業能(neng)源消耗(hao)隨著投(tou)資的增長和項(xiang)(xiang)目的投(tou)產可能(neng)出(chu)現(xian)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)增長趨(qu)勢。
盡管節能(neng)(neng)產品惠民工(gong)程的(de)實施和節能(neng)(neng)環(huan)保產業(ye)的(de)發展(zhan)為節能(neng)(neng)減排提供一定(ding)支撐,但總體來看,下半年全國工(gong)業(ye)節能(neng)(neng)減排形(xing)勢(shi)不容(rong)樂(le)觀(guan)。如何應對高耗能(neng)(neng)行業(ye)快速擴張?如何破解經(jing)濟發展(zhan)與節能(neng)(neng)減排的(de)矛盾?如何抓好(hao)中小企業(ye)節能(neng)(neng)減排?賽迪智庫工(gong)業(ye)節能(neng)(neng)與環(huan)保研究所提出(chu)了五點政策措施建議(yi):
一是繼續做好新上項目能評環評。加強工業投(tou)資項目節能評估和(he)(he)審(shen)查(cha),把好能耗準入(ru)關(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)污染物排放(fang)總(zong)量(liang)關(guan)(guan),加強能評和(he)(he)環評審(shen)查(cha)的監(jian)督管理。
二是切(qie)(qie)實完成淘(tao)汰落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能任(ren)務。進(jin)一步把落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能淘(tao)汰落實到具體企業(ye)、具體項(xiang)目,切(qie)(qie)實加強落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能淘(tao)汰工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)督促(cu)考(kao)核,推(tui)動利用市場手段淘(tao)汰落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能。
三(san)是(shi)加大(da)對(dui)中小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)節(jie)能減排的(de)支持力度。鼓勵專業(ye)化節(jie)能服務公司為中小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)開展節(jie)能減排咨詢(xun);針對(dui)中小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)推行清潔生產存在的(de)共性問題,研究出(chu)臺相關政策措施。
四是(shi)研究制(zhi)定差異化(hua)的(de)工業(ye)(ye)節能減(jian)排(pai)政(zheng)策(ce)措施(shi)。包括:區域工業(ye)(ye)節能減(jian)排(pai)差異化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)、工業(ye)(ye)行業(ye)(ye)節能減(jian)排(pai)差異化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)、工業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)節能減(jian)排(pai)差異化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)等(deng)。
五是繼續擴(kuo)大(da)節能(neng)產品(pin)惠民(min)工(gong)程支持范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)。擴(kuo)大(da)節能(neng)家(jia)電(dian)產品(pin)覆蓋范(fan)圍(wei)(wei);將量大(da)面(mian)廣的(de)工(gong)業耗能(neng)產品(pin)列入(ru)補貼范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)